Since bull pens are often located on side warning tracks, extra maintenance is required. Softball and baseball pitchers and batters dig their feet in to anchor themselves for play, which always results in a low worn away area next to plates. To repair, we must use mound clay, such as Mar Mound Clay, packed into that low area with a tamper. (see image 1-3 on right)

Once the mound clay is tamped down, a surface coat of Turface is added, which prevents clay from sticking to shoes. Some groundskeepers prefer to utilize Turface Pro-League Red, made of vitrified clay, because of the nice red color although it is an added expense. Turface MVP, orange in color, is a dual purpose product that can be used for both topdressing turf as well as skinned area maintenance, increasing practicality and lessening cost. One product purchased in bulk, delivered into a bin, can be scooped into a topdresser that accomplishes both topdressing turf and skinned areas in one fell swoop. That is the tremendous advantage of Turface MVP.

The base of a warning track, once bull pen maintenance is complete, must be formatted before topdressing material may be applied. (see image 1-4 on right)

Depending on the area to be covered, and the amount of product needed, one then adds Turface MVP. (see image 1-5 on right)

Once applied, the MVP then has to be spread out and groomed evenly over the surface resulting in a freshly renovated warning track that will then absorb moisture, maintain traction without becoming muddy whatsoever, and is ready for play. (see image 1-6 on right)

One of the most economical and best designed groomers on the market today, is the Rahn Groomer, which has an adjustable leveling bar, adjustable slope pitch, and foldable grooming options that can be used simultaneously by folding down or up the desired grooming option, such as steel teeth for initial scarifying, spring tines for normal grooming, and a broom for the finish drag. A 3pt hitch version is available for use on any small, preexisting tractor with turf tires. (see image 1-7 on right)

For those that have additional funds to invest into skinned area maintenance, the top manufacturer of independent 3 wheeled groomer units is Smithco, in which they have excelled in skinned area maintenance with a variety of hydro-powered units with a great selection of implements, seen here:
http://www.smithco.com/wp-content/uploads/documentation/smithco-AFE-catalog.pdf

They have also written their own version of skinned area maintenance in a free downloadable booklet seen here:
http://www.smithco.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/afe-booklet8.31.pdf

Skinned area maintenance has become vital to public demand to have a safe, playable, and attractive surface for players, and has different levels of intensity depending on the level of field ranging from elementary, middle school, high school, college, university, and professional leagues.
In the following photo, the baseball field that I maintained for many years is seen from an aerial view, along with the cement bins that were placed behind the field for bulk storage of MVP, topsoil, gravel, and sand. (see image 1-8 on right)